RIVER FISH · Shallows & shelter
Bluegill
Lepomis macrochirus
A deep-bodied sunfish with a small mouth, a dark ear flap and a dark patch near the rear of its dorsal fin.
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Meet the fish
- Habitat
- Warm waters with submerged wood, plants and sheltered cover.
- On the menu
- Aquatic insects, small crustaceans, worms and occasional small fish.
- Size context
- USFWS lists a common length of about 7.5 inches; many fish are smaller.
- Range & local context
- Found widely across North America. Local populations may be native or introduced; for example, Virginia DWR distinguishes native southwestern populations from introductions elsewhere in that state.
Living with the river
Water & habitat
Shallow, plant-filled edges provide a different setting from fast mid-channel water. Habitat and shelter help explain where bluegill live; a gauge does not locate fish.
Seasonal life
Males form and guard nests, often in colonies. Spawning can recur through the warmer months.
Before you go
Bluegill is one species, not a synonym for every sunfish. Broad 'sunfish' labels remain separate on our guides.
Use the linked agencies and the relevant river guide for current regulations, closures and consumption advisories. A species profile is not a fishing license or a statement that harvest is allowed.
Editorial review: . Regional size examples are labeled; maximum lengths are not typical sizes.
More river fish
Keep exploring species connected to the same river-guide network.